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Stone Age dog skeleton hints at complex early relationship with pets

A nearly complete skeleton found in a cave in France belonged to a group known as the Palaeolithic dogs and its skeleton suggests it had a confusing relationship with humans

By Taylor Mitchell Brown

21 April 2025

Paleolithic dog

The skull of the newly discovered Palaeolithic dog

Jean-Baptiste Fourvrel

An “extremely rare” 16,000-year-old canine skeleton from southern France offers evidence that Stone Age humans cared for their pets – although the animal was also probably killed by humans.

“It is feasible that the individual obtained [its] injuries from being beaten or struck by people,” says Loukas Koungoulos at the University of Western Australia, who was not involved in the analysis of the skeleton.

The specimen was discovered in a French cave called Baume Traucade in 2021 by a group of spelunkers.

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