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Life

Strange microbes give clues to the ancestor of all complex life

The origin of complex eukaryotic cells, of the type found in all plants and animals, is shrouded in mystery. Now, strange microbes from wetlands in China are helping us to understand when they first emerged, and what they were like

By Michael Marshall

7 May 2025

An artist’s impression of Earth in the Archaean Eon, 3.8 billion to 2.5 billion years ago

CHRISTIAN JEGOU/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Mysterious microbes living in wetlands in China have helped to narrow down when the ancestor of all animals and plants lived – and the oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere may have played a key role in its emergence.

The new data brings us a step closer to understanding “an event which happened billions of years ago”, says Burak Avcı at Aarhus University in Denmark.

This event was…

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