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Humans

Has a volcanic eruption ever wiped out a species of hominins?

Volcanoes have been proposed as the reason for the extinction of the Neanderthals and the hobbits of Indonesia, but the end of those species may not have come from a single, dramatic event

By Michael Marshall

13 January 2025

Erta Ale Volcano in Ethiopia

Shutterstock/Tatyana Druzhinina

This is an extract from Our Human Story, our newsletter about the revolution in archaeology. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every month.

So, volcanoes are scary. I have vivid memories of visiting Pompeii and Herculaneum with my parents and seeing the twisted preserved corpses of people that were buried under the pyroclastic flow from Vesuvius. The people in question lived in what was, at the time, one of the most technologically advanced societies on the planet – yet they died in their thousands. Volcanoes are one of those…

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